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This article provides a detailed explanation of how India calculates its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It outlines the methodologies used, including the production, income, and expenditure approaches. The article also discusses the challenges and limitations faced in the calculation process, such as the large informal sector and data collection issues.
Key Insights:
Production Approach: The production approach calculates GDP by adding the value of output produced by various sectors of the economy. It takes into account the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors.
Income Approach: The income approach sums up the incomes earned by individuals and businesses, including wages, profits, and taxes, minus subsidies. This approach helps in understanding the distribution of income within the economy.
Expenditure Approach: The expenditure approach calculates GDP by adding up consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports (exports minus imports). This method is useful for analyzing economic demand.
Challenges in Calculation: India faces significant challenges in accurately calculating GDP due to its large informal sector, which is difficult to measure. Additionally, data collection issues and discrepancies can lead to less accurate GDP figures.
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